Cells|Emily Jane Gallagher团队指出TMEM176B在TNBC中调节AKT/mTOR信号转导和肿瘤生长

最新细胞功能及机制文献分享
TMEM176B是一种四跨膜蛋白,属于跨膜4A(MS4A)蛋白家族,其在免疫细胞和某些癌症中差异表达,髓系免疫细胞表达TMEM176B,在其中调节树突细胞成熟和抗原呈递。在小鼠癌症模型中,TMEM176B的全身性缺失或药理学抑制可通过增强抗肿瘤T细胞免疫力降低肿瘤生长,并改善对免疫检查点抑制剂的反应。但关于其在细胞内过程中的作用仍有许多待了解。2021年12月6日,美国西奈山伊坎医学院内科内分泌学、糖尿病和骨病科Emily Jane Gallagher团队在Cells上发表了题为“TMEM176B Regulates AKT/mTOR Signaling and TumorGrowth in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer”的研究论文。在本研究中,团队旨在了解TMEM176B在癌细胞信号传导、基因表达、细胞增殖和体外迁移以及体内肿瘤生长中的作用,证明乳腺癌细胞中的TMEM176B表达调节了关键信号通路,以及有助于癌细胞生长和进展的基因,并且是治疗性抗体的潜在靶标。
系统发育分析表明,TMEM176首先出现在软骨鱼类中,并在非免疫细胞中表达,之后才是哺乳动物物种的免疫细胞中,少数研究在人类和啮齿动物非免疫细胞中检测到了TMEM176B,并在多种癌症类型中发现了差异表达的TMEM176B。先前报道称,TMEM176B是调节pH值的离子通道,研究的主要焦点集中在免疫细胞表达及其免疫调节作用。然而,近几年的研究指出,癌细胞中阳离子通道对pH的调节及TMEM176B在癌细胞信号传导中的重要性是一个新兴研究领域。
在本篇论文中,团队对TMEM176B的兴趣始于其在c-Myc/VEGFA鼠乳腺癌细胞系(Mvt1)中最上调,该细胞系是基于唾液酸糖蛋白CD24阳性表达的。CD24最近被确定为一种癌基因、化疗耐药的标志物以及卵巢癌和三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)中“不要吃我”的信号。在这项研究中,团队旨在更好地了解TMEM176B在TNBC细胞过程中的作用。首先,团队构建了过表达和沉默TMEM176B的乳腺癌细胞系,以及靶向TMEM176B的治疗性抗体。体外增殖与迁移鉴定结果显示,沉默TMEM176B或用治疗性抗体抑制会抑制细胞增殖与迁移,而过表达作用则相反。同基因和异种移植肿瘤研究表明,与对照相比,沉默TMEM176B后肿瘤生长减慢。接下来,团队通过基因表达和蛋白质印迹分析,以期确定TMEM176B过表达和沉默细胞中差异最大的基因和信号通路,结果发现,AKT/mTOR信号通路在TMEM176B过表达或沉默的细胞中分别被激活或抑制,并且其参与血管生成、KRAS信号传导、上皮-质转化(EMT)以及雌激素和干扰素反应的许多基因的调节。总体而言,本研究的结果表明TMEM176B不仅如先前报道的那样调节肿瘤免疫微环境,而且还直接影响癌细胞。
《Cells|Emily Jane Gallagher团队指出TMEM176B在TNBC中调节AKT/mTOR信号转导和肿瘤生长》

图 本文部分实验结果。

期刊及DOI号

Cells. 2021 Dec 6. 

doi: 10.3390/cells10123430.

题目

TMEM176B Regulates AKT/mTOR Signaling and Tumor Growth in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

摘要

TMEM176B is a member of the membrane spanning 4-domains (MS4) family of transmembrane proteins, and a putative ion channel that is expressed in immune cells and certain cancers. We aimed to understand the role of TMEM176B in cancer cell signaling, gene expression, cell proliferation, and migration in vitro, as well as tumor growth in vivo. We generated breast cancer cell lines with overexpressed and silenced TMEM176B, and a therapeutic antibody targeting TMEM176B. Proliferation and migration assays were performed in vitro, and tumor growth was evaluated in vivo. We performed gene expression and Western blot analyses to identify the most differentially regulated genes and signaling pathways in cells with TMEM176B overexpression and silencing. Silencing TMEM176B or inhibiting it with a therapeutic antibody impaired cell proliferation, while overexpression increased proliferation in vitro. Syngeneic and xenograft tumor studies revealed the attenuated growth of tumors with TMEM176B gene silencing compared with controls. We found that the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was activated or repressed in cells overexpressing or silenced for TMEM176B, respectively. Overall, our results suggest that TMEM176B expression in breast cancer cells regulates key signaling pathways and genes that contribute to cancer cell growth and progression, and is a potential target for therapeutic antibodies.

关键词:TMEM176B; calcium channel; triple negative breast cancer; AKT/mTOR signaling; RNA-seq; therapeutic antibodies

《Cells|Emily Jane Gallagher团队指出TMEM176B在TNBC中调节AKT/mTOR信号转导和肿瘤生长》

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