APT|Magnus Løberg团队分析了女性和男性腺瘤切除后长期结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率

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结直肠癌是全球第三大最常见的恶性肿瘤,也是癌症相关死亡的第二大常见原因。认为已切除腺瘤的患者在未来发生新的腺瘤和结直肠癌的风险增加,建议进行内镜监测,但随着筛查活动以及人数的增加,容易造成结肠镜检查资源的浪费,并且越来越多的证据表明,内窥镜筛查对女性的益处低于男性,因此,迫切需要调查女性和男性在腺瘤切除后是否具有不同的结直肠癌发病率和死亡率风险,并考虑进行性别特异性监测。2021年10月30日,德国汉诺威医学院心脏病学和血管学系Magnus Løberg团队在Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics上发表了题为“Long-term colorectal cancer incidence and mortality after adenoma removal in women and men”的研究论文。在本研究中,团队通过对1993年到2007年在挪威切除腺瘤的所有患者(40293人),随访至2018年,计算结直肠癌的标准化发病率(SIR)和基于发病率的死亡率(SMR)的95%置信区间(Cl),并在女性和男性人群进行比较。结果证实,与健康女性和男性人群相比,腺瘤切除后的女性和男性的结直肠癌发病率均有所增加,而女性结直肠癌死亡率增加,男性则降低,因此,团队建议考虑腺瘤切除后的性别特异性监测。
具体而言,在13年的中位随访期间,1079名女性(5.5%)和866名男性(4.2%)患上了结直肠癌,其中,328名女性(1.7%)和275名男性(1.3%)死于结直肠癌;女性结直肠癌的发病率(SIR为1.64,95% CI为1.54-1.74)高于男性(SIR为1.12,95% CI为1.05-1.19);女性结直肠癌死亡率增加(SMR为1.13,95% CI为1.02-1.26),男性降低(SMR为0.79,95% CI为0.71-0.89);患有高危腺瘤的女性结直肠癌死亡风险增加了37%(每10万人年增加47%)(SMR为1.37,95% CI为1.19-1.57);患有低危腺瘤女性(SMR为0.90, 95% CI为0.76-1.07)和高危腺瘤男性的死亡风险相似(SMR为0.89, 95% CI为0.76-1.04),而低危腺瘤男性风险降低了30%(每10万人年减少39人)(SMR为0.70,95% CI为0.59-0.84)。
《APT|Magnus Løberg团队分析了女性和男性腺瘤切除后长期结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率》
图1 与健康女性和男性人群相比,接受腺瘤切除术的女性和男性结直肠癌的SIR(A)和SMR(B)的95%置信区间。
《APT|Magnus Løberg团队分析了女性和男性腺瘤切除后长期结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率》
图2 在腺瘤切除后平均13.0年的随访中,女性(A)和男性(B)患结直肠癌死亡的绝对风险。

《APT|Magnus Løberg团队分析了女性和男性腺瘤切除后长期结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率》

图3 女性和男性在切除低风险和高风险腺瘤后,患结直肠癌的死亡率显著不同。

期刊及DOI号
Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2021 Oct 30. 
doi: 10.1111/apt.16686.

题目

Long-term colorectal cancer incidence and mortality after adenoma removal in women and men

摘要

背景Women and men with colorectal adenomas are at increased risk of colorectal cancer and colonoscopic surveillance is recommended. However, the long-term cancer risk remains unknown.

目的To investigate colorectal cancer incidence and mortality after adenoma removal in women and men

方法:We identified all individuals who had adenomas removed in Norway from 1993 to 2007, with follow-up through 2018. We calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and incidence-based mortality ratios (SMR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for colorectal cancer in women and men using the female and male population for comparison. We defined high-risk adenomas as ≥2 adenomas, villous component, or high-grade dysplasia.

结果The cohort comprised 40 293 individuals. During median follow-up of 13.0 years, 1079 women (5.5%) and 866 men (4.2%) developed colorectal cancer; 328 women (1.7%) and 275 men (1.3%) died of colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer incidence was more increased in women (SIR 1.64, 95% CI 1.54-1.74) than in men (SIR 1.12, 95% CI 1.05-1.19). Colorectal cancer mortality was increased in women (SMR 1.13, 95% CI 1.02-1.26) and reduced in men (SMR 0.79, 95% CI 0.71-0.89). Women with high-risk adenomas had an increased risk of colorectal cancer death (SMR 1.37, 95% CI 1.19-1.57); women with low-risk adenomas (SMR 0.90, 95% CI 0.76-1.07) and men with high-risk adenomas had a similar risk (SMR 0.89, 95% CI 0.76-1.04), while men with low-risk adenomas had reduced risk (SMR 0.70, 95% CI 0.59-0.84).

结论After adenoma removal, women had an increased risk of colorectal cancer death, while men had reduced risk, compared to the general female and male populations. Sex-specific surveillance recommendations after adenoma removal should be considered.

《APT|Magnus Løberg团队分析了女性和男性腺瘤切除后长期结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率》

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