Front. Cell Dev. Biol|华东理工大学马兴元团队阐明了Survivin与P-糖蛋白在癌症多药耐药中的协同途径

最新细胞功能及机制文献分享
研究显示,基因定量分析和可控表达是研究肿瘤关键基因的一种新方法,其不仅有助于分析特定基因本身的生物学功能,还可更好地解释与之相关的生物学现象。如Survivin(由BIRC5基因编码)是有史以来报道的最小的凋亡蛋白(IAP)抑制剂,一些研究人员已经报道了其参与肿瘤化疗耐药性的发生和发展。Survivin在耐药乳腺癌细胞中的表达明显高于亲本细胞,其显性失活突变体可增加乳腺癌细胞对DOX的敏感性,提示Survivin与肿瘤多药耐药(MDR)相关。
2022年1月3日,华东理工大学生物反应器工程国家重点实验室马兴元团队在Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology上发表了题为“The Establishment of Quantitatively Regulating Expression Cassette with sgRNA Targeting BIRC5 to Elucidate the Synergistic Pathway of Survivin with P-Glycoprotein in Cancer Multi-Drug Resistance”的研究论文。在本研究中,团队深入探索了Survivin在MDR中的作用,以及进一步探索了其与化疗耐药之间的联系。团队研究为开发更有效或新的癌症治疗方案提供了理论基础,采用的定量方法为研究肿瘤中关键基因的生物学功能提供了新见解。
目前为止,对于大多数的癌症治疗都会采用化疗,但癌细胞MDR即肿瘤细胞对一种或多种药物治疗不敏感的现象,是导致癌症化疗失败的重要原因。研究显示,MDR相关蛋白包括P-糖蛋白(P-gp)、多药相关蛋白1(MRP1)、乳腺癌耐药蛋白(BCRP)以及肺阻力蛋白(LRP),在这些蛋白质中,P-gp高表达被认为是癌细胞发生MDR的主要原因。
Survivin和P-gp分别位于细胞质和细胞膜中,二者不直接相互作用,但目前尚不清楚Survivin如何影响P-gp表达,影响肿瘤细胞对化疗药物的MDR。大多抗癌药物可以通过PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路下调P-gp的表达,从而增强化疗药物疗效,与此一致,Survivin也可调控该通路。这些事实促使团队深入研究了肿瘤细胞MDR中Survivin、P-gp和PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路之间的联系。
在本研究中,团队发现MCF-7/阿霉素(DOX)细胞(耐药细胞)中Survivin和P-gp的mRNA与蛋白表达水平均显著高于MCF-7细胞(野生型)。为了探索BIRC5基因在MDR中的具体功能,团队建立了CRISPR/Cas9介导的敲入四环素(Tet)-off调控系统细胞系,以定量调控Survivin表达水平。正如预期的那样,乳腺癌细胞的化疗抗性被成功逆转;随后,多西环素诱导MCF-7/Survivin细胞DOX外流测定结果表明Survivin表达水平与细胞中DOX的积累相反,也就是说,当Survivin表达下调时,MCF-7/Survivin细胞内DOX的积累被上调,可通过减弱MCF-7/Survivin细胞内药物的释放来诱导细胞凋亡。此外,Survivin的下调导致MCF-7/Survivin细胞中PI3K、Akt和mTOR的磷酸化降低,并显著降低P-gp表达。
至此,团队证明MDR的逆转可能是通过控制Survivin表达下调影响PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路活性而调节P-gp水平来实现的。总之,团队提出,这种定量方法不仅对研究基因本身有价值,而且还可更好地分析与之相关的生物现象。
《Front. Cell Dev. Biol|华东理工大学马兴元团队阐明了Survivin与P-糖蛋白在癌症多药耐药中的协同途径》
图 本文图形摘要示意图。

期刊及DOI号

Front. Cell Dev. Biol. 2022 Jan 3. 

doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.797005.

题目

The Establishment of Quantitatively Regulating Expression Cassette with sgRNA Targeting BIRC5 to Elucidate the Synergistic Pathway of Survivin with P-Glycoprotein in Cancer Multi-Drug Resistance
摘要

Quantitative analysis and regulating gene expression in cancer cells is an innovative method to study key genes in tumors, which conduces to analyze the biological function of the specific gene. In this study, we found the expression levels of Survivin protein (BIRC5) and P-glycoprotein (MDR1) in MCF-7/doxorubicin (DOX) cells (drug-resistant cells) were significantly higher than MCF-7 cells (wild-type cells). In order to explore the specific functions of BIRC5 gene in multi-drug resistance (MDR), a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knocking-in tetracycline (Tet)-off regulatory system cell line was established, which enabled us to regulate the expression levels of Survivin quantitatively (clone 8 named MCF-7/Survivin was selected for further studies). Subsequently, the determination results of doxycycline-induced DOX efflux in MCF-7/Survivin cells implied that Survivin expression level was opposite to DOX accumulation in the cells. For example, when Survivin expression was down-regulated, DOX accumulation inside the MCF-7/Survivin cells was up-regulated, inducing strong apoptosis of cells (reversal index 118.07) by weakening the release of intracellular drug from MCF-7/Survivin cells. Also, down-regulation of Survivin resulted in reduced phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR in MCF-7/Survivin cells and significantly decreased P-gp expression. Previous studies had shown that PI3K/Akt/mTOR could regulate P-gp expression. Therefore, we speculated that Survivin might affect the expression of P-gp through PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. In summary, this quantitative method is not only valuable for studying the gene itself, but also can better analyze the biological phenomena related to it.

《Front. Cell Dev. Biol|华东理工大学马兴元团队阐明了Survivin与P-糖蛋白在癌症多药耐药中的协同途径》

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